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Cappadocia ?


in this page:

> where is Cappadocia

> World Heritage Cappadocia

> landscape > tufa > living in caves

> Cavusin, two villages > layers of culture

> "landscape of reflection" > translating tradition

 


where?

Cappadocia in Turkey

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central Cappadocia

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World Heritage Cappadocia

In 1986 the Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappodocia have been inscribed on the UNESCO world heritage list. This has boosted international interest in the region, thus not always in a positive way. Unfortunately the resouces that come with the inscription on the world heritage list are not abundant and there have been few concepts for how to deal with the mass tourism that came along with the prominence of being a world heritage site.

>> for more information on Cappadocia and the World Heritage List inscription details click here

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landscape

Cappadocia's landscape is made up by numberless layers of tufa stone, once the ash blown out from three volcanos that surround the area. In a century long process erosion carved out small valleys and gave the landscape its current shape.

The soil in Cappadocia is very fertile and the tufa keeps water throughout the very dry and hot summer season. Farmers grow vegetables, fruits and also vine, for which the area is famous. The region, part of the Anatolian high plain, lies higher then 1000 meters above sea level and the winters are snowy and cold.

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tufa

Enclosed within the soft tufa are pieces of harder stones. While the softer tuff is eroded away, the harder rocks remain and sometimes strange, almost surreal forms appear.

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Cavusin, two villages

The village of Cavusin stands as a symbol for the massive change that is taking place in Cappadocia recently. The old village has been left and in the direct neighborhood, a new village in European stile has been built.

If, as in the case of Cavusin, the cave houses are not inhabited anymore, the erosion process speeds up dramatically. It is nearly impossible to preserve this peculiar environment without finding new uses for it.

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living in caves

All over Cappadocia we can find ancient cave churches and monasteries, mostly originating from the Byzantine era. The numbers are so big that it is only possible to preserve a very small fraction of this unique, man made caves.

Sometimes the monastery and church complexes extend over several hundred meters into the rock and were built to shelter whole communities.

Living in the cave houses was still common until few decades ago, but has then been discredited as poor and backwards looking. Though its climatic qualities and energy efficiency are still unsurpassed.

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layers of culture

In Cappadocia many layers of culture are overlaid, each expressing a different system of relations with the environment. Beside Byzantine we can also find Hittite, Greek, Armenian, Seljuk and other more recent influences, contributing to the areaĦs incredible rich face.

During centuries the local farmers have developed a refined coexistence with the natural environment. On the image to the left we can see a pigeonry, that was constructed to collect bird dung to be used on the fields nearby.

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"landscape of reflection"

Cappadocia's tradition is also a tradition of seclusion and reflection. Often people came to the area in order to escape the cultural centers and to live a life that differed from the predominant currents.

Nowadays the big number of visitors stays just one or two days. Tours that are mainly organized by big international or national agencies, leave only a small sum of the actual expenses in the area, but the destruction that is caused by tourism is enormous.

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translating tradition

It is nearly impossible to conserve the bigger part of Cappadocia's traditional man made environment, but this would not hurt too much if we could sustain it with a contemporary quality for the following generations.

In Cappadocia, more then in many other places around the world, the trajectory nature of tradition becomes obvious. Tradition is not a story with a beginning and an end, but one that has to be constantly rewritten, generation by generation, and the quality of this rewritten continuation is an indicator for the consciousness with which we treat our environment.

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